Page 1 of 2 2页第1页 Please call 911 immediately if you are having chest pain, difficulty breathing, severe bleeding, sudden weakness or numbness, or if you think you have a medical emergency.请立即拨打911 ，如果您有胸部疼痛，呼吸困难，严重出血，突发性的缺陷或麻木，或如果你认为你有一个医疗的紧急情况。
The goals of asthma therapy are to prevent your child from having chronic and troublesome symptoms, to maintain your child's lung function as close to normal as possible, to allow your child to maintain normal physical activity levels (including exercise), to prevent recurrent asthma attacks and to reduce the need for emergency department visits or hospitalizations, and to provide medicines to your child that give the best results with the fewest side effects.其目标是哮喘治疗，以防止您的孩子患有慢性和恼人的症状，保持您的孩子的肺功能接近正常，尽可能让您的孩子，以维持正常身体活动水平（包括行使） ，以防止复发性哮喘发作并减少需要急诊或住院的访问，并提供药品，你的孩子，让最好的结果最少的副作用。 Medicines that are available fall into two general categories.药品可分为两大类。 One category includes medications that are meant to control asthma in the long term and are used daily to prevent asthma attacks (controller medications).一类包括药品，目的是控制哮喘的长期和日常使用，以防止哮喘发作（控制器的药品） 。 These can include inhaled corticosteroids, inhaled cromolyn or nedocromil, long-acting bronchodilators, theophylline, and leukotriene antagonists.这些可以包括吸入糖皮质激素，吸入cromolyn或奈多罗米，长效支气管扩张剂，茶碱，白三烯受体拮抗剂和。 The other category is medications that provide instant relief from symptoms (rescue medications).其他类是药品，提供即时减轻症状（抢救药品） 。 These include short-acting bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids.这些措施包括短效支气管扩张剂和系统性皮质类固醇。 Inhaled ipratropium may be used in addition to inhaled bronchodilators following asthma attacks or when asthma worsens.吸入异丙托可用于除了吸入支气管扩张剂后哮喘发作或哮喘恶化。 In general, doctors start with a high level of therapy following an asthma attack and then decrease treatment to the lowest possible level that still prevents asthma attacks and allows your child to have a normal life.一般来说，医生开始高水平的治疗后，哮喘发作，然后减少治疗尽可能最低的水平仍然阻止哮喘发作，让您的孩子有一个正常的生活。 Every child needs to follow a customized asthma management plan to control asthma symptoms.每个儿童都需要遵循一个定制哮喘管理计划，以控制哮喘症状。 The severity of a child's asthma can both worsen and improve over time, so the type (category) of your child's asthma can change, which means different treatment can be required over time.严重的儿童的哮喘都可以恶化和改善随着时间的推移，这样的类型（类）的儿童哮喘可以更改，这意味着不同的待遇，可随着时间的推移需要。 Treatment should be reviewed every 1-6 months, and the choices for long- and short-term therapy are based on how severe the asthma is.治疗应审查每1-6个月，并选择长期和短期疗法是基于有多严重哮喘的。 Talk to your doctor about the various medications available to treat asthma.向您的医生询问各种药物提供治疗哮喘。 | Severity of Asthma 严重的支气管哮喘 | Long-Term Control 长期控制 | Quick Relief 快速救济 | | Mild intermittent asthma轻度间歇性哮喘 | Usually none通常没有 | Inhaled beta-2 agonist (short-acting bronchodilator)吸入β - 2受体激动剂（短效支气管扩张剂）
If your child uses the short-acting inhaler more than 2 times per week, long-term control therapy may be necessary.如果您的孩子使用短效吸入2次以上每星期，长期控制治疗可能是必要的。 | | Mild persistent asthma轻度持续性哮喘 | Daily use of low-dose inhaled corticosteroids or nonsteroidal agents such as cromolyn and nedocromil (anti-inflammatory treatment), leukotriene antagonists (such as montelukast)每日使用低剂量吸入糖皮质激素或非类固醇类药物，如cromolyn和奈多罗米（抗炎治疗） ，白三烯拮抗剂（如孟鲁） | Inhaled beta-2 agonist (short-acting bronchodilator)吸入β - 2受体激动剂（短效支气管扩张剂）
If your child uses the short-acting inhaler everyday or starts using it more and more frequently, additional long-term therapy may be needed.如果您的孩子使用短效吸入日常或开始使用越来越频繁，更多的长期治疗可能需要。 | | Moderate persistent asthma中度持续性哮喘 | Daily use of medium-dose inhaled corticosteroids (anti-inflammatory treatment) or low- or medium-dose inhaled corticosteroids combined with a long-acting bronchodilator or leukotriene antagonist日常使用中剂量吸入糖皮质激素（抗炎治疗）或低或中等剂量吸入糖皮质激素加上长效支气管扩张剂或白三烯拮抗剂 | Inhaled beta-2 agonist (short-acting bronchodilator)吸入β - 2受体激动剂（短效支气管扩张剂）
If your child uses the short-acting inhaler everyday or starts using it with increasing frequency, additional long-term therapy may be needed.如果您的孩子使用短效吸入日常或开始使用它的次数越来越多，更多的长期治疗可能需要。 | | Severe persistent asthma重症持续性哮喘 | Daily use of high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (anti-inflammatory treatment), long-acting bronchodilator, leukotriene antagonist, theophylline, omalizumab (for patients with moderate-to-severe asthma brought on by seasonal allergens despite inhaled corticosteroids)每天使用高剂量吸入糖皮质激素（抗炎治疗） ，长效支气管扩张剂，白三烯拮抗剂，茶碱， omalizumab （患者的中度至重度哮喘所带来的季节性的过敏原，尽管吸入糖皮质激素） | Inhaled beta-2 agonist (short-acting bronchodilator)吸入β - 2受体激动剂（短效支气管扩张剂）
If your child uses the short-acting inhaler everyday or starts using it with increasing frequency, additional long-term therapy may be needed.如果您的孩子使用短效吸入日常或开始使用它的次数越来越多，更多的长期治疗可能需要。 | | Acute severe asthmatic episode (status asthmaticus)急性重症哮喘发作（地位asthmaticus ） | This is severe asthma that often requires admission to the emergency department or hospital.这是严重的支气管哮喘，往往需要入院急诊或住院。 | Repeated doses of inhaled beta-2 agonist (short-acting bronchodilator)反复吸入剂量的β - 2受体激动剂（短效支气管扩张剂）
**Seek medical help **寻求医生的帮助 |
Acute severe asthmatic episode (status asthmaticus) often requires medical attention.急性重症哮喘发作（地位asthmaticus ）往往需要医疗照顾。 It is treated by providing oxygen or even mechanical ventilation in severe cases.这是治疗提供氧气，甚至机械通气在严重的情况下。 Repeat or continuous doses from an inhaler (beta-2 agonist) reverse airway obstruction.重复或连续剂量的吸入（ β - 2受体激动剂）扭转气道阻塞。 If the asthma isn't corrected using the inhaled bronchodilator, injectable epinephrine and/or systemic corticosteroids are given to reduce inflammation.如果哮喘是不纠正使用吸入支气管扩张剂，注射肾上腺素和/或全身给予糖皮质激素，以减少炎症。 Fortunately, for most children, asthma can be well controlled.幸运的是，对于大多数儿童，哮喘可以很好地控制。 For many families, the learning process is the hardest part of controlling asthma.对于许多家庭，学习的过程是最难的一部分，控制哮喘。 A child might have flares (asthma attacks) while learning to control asthma, but don't be surprised or discouraged.一个孩子可能有耀斑（哮喘发作） ，同时学习控制哮喘，但并不感到惊讶或气馁。 Asthma control can take a little time and energy to master, but it's worth the effort!哮喘控制可以花一点时间和精力来掌握，但它的价值的努力！ How long it takes to get asthma under control depends on the child's age, the severity of symptoms, how frequently flares occur, and how willing and able the family is to follow a doctor's prescribed treatment plan.需要多久才能得到控制哮喘取决于儿童的年龄，严重的症状，如何耀斑频繁发生，以及如何愿意和能够在家庭，是按照医生的处方治疗计划。 Every child with asthma needs a doctor-prescribed individualized asthma management plan to control symptoms and flares.每个儿童哮喘需要医生处方个性哮喘管理计划，以控制症状和照明弹。 This plan usually has 5 parts.这一计划通常有5个部分。
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