Please call 911 immediately if you are having chest pain, difficulty breathing, severe bleeding, sudden weakness or numbness, or if you think you have a medical emergency.请立即拨打911 ，如果您有胸部疼痛，呼吸困难，严重出血，突发性的缺陷或麻木，或如果你认为你有一个医疗的紧急情况。 How Biological Agents Are Delivered and Detected如何生物制剂和交付检测 Although there are more than 1200 biological agents that could be used to cause illness or death, relatively few possess the necessary characteristics to make them ideal candidates for biological warfare or terrorism agents.虽然有超过1200生物战剂，可用于造成疾病或死亡，相对较少的具备必要的特点，使他们理想的人选生物战剂或恐怖主义。 The ideal biological agents are relatively easy to acquire, process, and use.理想的生物制剂，比较容易获取，处理和使用。 Only small amounts (on the order of pounds and often less) would be needed to kill or incapacitate hundreds of thousands of people in a metropolitan area.只有少量（在英镑秩序，而且往往少）将需要杀死或瘫痪数十万人在首都地区。 Biological warfare agents are easy to hide and difficult to detect or protect against.生物战剂很容易隐藏和困难，以发现或防范。 They are invisible, odorless, tasteless, and can be spread silently.他们是无形的，无臭，无味，可以悄悄地蔓延。 Delivery 传递 Biological warfare agents can be disseminated in various ways.生物战剂可在各种传播途径。 - Through the air by aerosol sprays: To be an effective biological weapon, airborne germs must be dispersed as fine particles.通过空气喷雾剂：是一种有效的生物武器，机载的细菌必须是分散的细颗粒。 To be infected, a person must breathe a sufficient quantity of particles into the lungs to cause illness.被感染的，一个人必须注入足够数量的粒子进入肺部引起的疾病。
- Used in explosives (artillery, missiles, detonated bombs): The use of an explosive device to deliver and spread biological agents is not as effective as the delivery by aerosol.使用的爆炸物（火炮，导弹，引爆了炸弹） ：使用了一个爆炸装置，提供和推广生物制剂不能作为有效的交货的气溶胶。 This is because agents tend to be destroyed by the blast, typically leaving less than 5% of the agent capable of causing disease.这是因为代理人往往是摧毁了爆炸，通常离开不到5 ％的代理人能够造成的疾病。
- Put into food or water: Contamination of a city's water supplies requires an unrealistically large amount of an agent as well as introduction into the water after it passes through a regional treatment facility.投入食物或水：污染的城市供水需要一个不切实际的大量的代理人，以及引入水后，穿过一个区域处理设施。
- Absorbed through or injected into the skin.通过吸收或注入皮肤。 This method might be ideal for assassination, but is not likely to be used to cause mass casualties.这种方法可能是理想的暗杀，但可能不会被用来造成大量伤亡。
Detection 检测 Biological agents could either be found in the environment using advanced detection devices or after specific testing or by a doctor reporting a medical diagnosis of an illness caused by an agent.生物制剂可以发现在环境中使用先进的检测设备或具体的测试后，或由医生举报医疗诊断疾病所造成的代理人。 Animals may also be early victims and shouldn't be overlooked.动物也可能是早期的受害者，不应该被忽视。 - Early detection of a biological agent in the environment allows for early and specific treatment and time enough to treat others who were exposed with protective medications.早期发现的生物剂在环境允许的早期和具体的治疗和足够的时间来对待别人谁暴露防护药物。 Currently, the US Department of Defense is evaluating devices to detect clouds of biological warfare agents in the air.目前，美国国防部正在评估设备检测云层生物战剂在空气中。
- Doctors must be able to identify early victims and recognize patterns of disease.医生必须能够早日查明受害者和认识模式的疾病。 If unusual symptoms, a large numbers of people with symptoms, dead animals, or other inconsistent medical findings are noted, a biological warfare attack should be suspected.如果不寻常的症状，大量的人，症状，死动物或其他不一致的医疗研究结果指出，生物战攻击应该怀疑。 Doctors report these patterns to public health officials.医生报告这些模式对公众健康官员。
Protective measures 保护措施 Protective measures can be taken against biological warfare agents.保护措施可以采取对生物战剂。 These should be started as soon as a biological agent is suspected (if enough warning is received).这些应该尽快开始作为一个生物制剂被怀疑（如足够的警告是收到） 。 - Masks: Currently, available masks, such as the military gas mask or high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter masks used for tuberculosis exposure, filter out most biological warfare particles delivered through the air.面具：目前，可用口罩，如军事防毒面具或高效率微粒空气（高效）过滤口罩用于结核病接触，过滤掉大多数生物战剂粒子通过空气中。 However, the face seals on ill-fitting masks often leak.然而，面对上的封条，虐待拟合口罩往往泄漏。 For a mask to fit properly, it must be fitted to a person's face.为掩盖适合得当，就必须安装一个人的脸。
- Clothing: Most biological agents in the air do not penetrate unbroken skin, and few organisms stick to skin or clothing.服装：大多数生物制剂在空气中不完整的皮肤渗透，很少生物体坚持皮肤或衣物。 After an aerosol attack, the simple removal of clothing eliminates a great majority of surface contamination.经过气溶胶攻击，简单的去除衣物消除了绝大多数的表面污染。 Thorough showering with soap and water removes 99.99% of the few organisms that may be left on the victim's skin.彻底洗澡用肥皂和水去除99.99 ％的少数生物，可能留在受害者的皮肤。
- Medical personnel protection: Health care providers treating victims of biological warfare may not need special suits but should use latex gloves and take other precautions such as wearing gowns and masks with protective eye shields.医务人员的保护：卫生保健提供治疗受害者的生物战可能不需要特殊的诉讼，而应使用乳胶手套，并采取其他措施，如穿长袍和面罩保护眼睛的盾牌。 Victims would be isolated in private rooms while receiving treatment.受害者将是孤立的私人房间，而接受治疗。
- Antibiotics: Victims of biological warfare might be given antibiotics orally (pills) or through an IV, even before the specific agent is identified.抗生素类：受害者的生物战可以考虑口服抗生素（丸）或通过四，甚至在具体的代理人身份。
- Vaccinations: Currently, protective vaccines (given as shots) are available for anthrax, botulinum toxin, tularemia, plague, Q fever, and smallpox.预防接种：目前，保护性疫苗（给出杆）可用于炭疽热，肉毒杆菌毒素，兔热病，鼠疫， Q热，和天花。 The widespread immunization of nonmilitary personnel has not been currently recommended by any governmental agency.广泛接种非军事人员尚未目前所建议的任何政府机构。 Immune protection against ricin and staphylococcal toxins may also be possible in the near future.免疫保护，防止蓖麻毒素和金黄色葡萄球菌毒素也可能是可能在不久的将来。
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