First Aid - Foreign Objects急救-异物

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Wednesday, 06 February 2008星期三， 08年2月6日

Please call 911 immediately if you are having chest pain, difficulty breathing, severe bleeding, sudden weakness or numbness, or if you think you have a medical emergency.请立即拨打911 ，如果您有胸部疼痛，呼吸困难，严重出血，突发性的缺陷或麻木，或如果你认为你有一个医疗的紧急情况。

Eye Foreign Body Treatment眼异物的治疗

Self-Care at Home自我照顾家

You should be able to care for minor debris in your eye at home.您应该能够照顾未成年人的碎片在你的眼睛在家里。 If you have trouble removing something in your eye or if a larger or sharper object is involved, you should seek medical attention.如果您有什么麻烦消除在你的眼睛或较大或尖锐物体的参与，你应该求医。 If you are wearing a contact lens, it should be removed prior to trying to remove the foreign body.如果您是身穿角膜接触镜，它应该取消之前，试图清除异物。 Do not put the contact lens back into your eye until your eye is completely healed.不要把角膜接触镜回到你的眼睛，直到你的眼睛是完全愈合。

For minor foreign bodies, such as an eyelash, home care should be adequate.对于未成年人的外国机构，如睫毛，家庭护理应该足够。
- Begin by rinsing your eye with a saline solution (the same solution used to rinse contact lenses).首先，漂洗你的眼睛与生理盐水（同样的解决办法用来冲洗隐形眼镜）。 Tap water or distilled water may be used if no saline solution is available.自来水或蒸馏水可如果没有生理盐水的解决办法。 Water will effectively flush out your eye, but the chlorine in most tap water can cause varying levels of irritation.水将有效地清除你的眼睛，但在大多数氯气自来水可引起不同程度的刺激。 How you wash out your eye is less important than getting it washed out with great amounts of water.您如何洗出你的眼睛是那么重要得到它洗了大量的水。
  - A water fountain makes a great eye wash.喷泉的水作出了巨大的眼睛洗。 Just lean over the fountain, turn on the water, and keep your eye open.只是瘦了喷泉，打开水，并保持你的眼睛打开。
  - At a sink, stand over the sink, cup your hands, and put your face into the running water.在梳妆台，独立的梳妆台，杯子你的手，把你的脸变成了自来水。
  - Hold a glass of water to your eye and tip your head back.按住了一杯水，你的眼睛和你的头端回来。 Do this many times.这样做很多次。
  - If you are near a shower, get in and put your eye under the running water.如果您是附近的淋浴，并获得了你的眼睛下的自来水。
  - If you are working outside, a garden hose running at a very modest flow will work.如果您是在外工作，一个花园水管运行在一个非常有限的流量会的工作。
- If washing out your eye is not successful, the object can usually be removed with the tip of a tissue or a cotton swab.如果洗了你的眼睛是不会成功的对象，通常可以去除尖端的组织或棉拭子。
  - Pull back the eyelid by pulling down on the bottom edge of the lower lid or by pulling up on the upper edge of the upper lid.后撤的眼睑拉下底部边缘上的下睑或拉动的上缘的上睑。
  - Look up when evaluating for a foreign body under the lower lid.查一查评价时，为外国机构根据下睑。
  - Look down when evaluating for a foreign body under the upper lid.往下看时，评价为外国机构根据上睑。 You will often need someone to help you in this case.你会经常需要有人来帮助你在这种情况下。
  - Be very careful not to scrape the tissue or the cotton swab across your cornea, the clear dome over the iris.应十分谨慎，不要勉强组织或棉拭子在您的角膜，明确圆顶的虹膜。
For larger foreign bodies or metal pieces, you should seek medical care, even if you are able to safely remove them at home.对于较大的异物或金属片，你应该寻求医疗照顾，即使你能够安全地删除它们在家里。
- If the foreign body is easily accessible and has not penetrated your eyeball, you may be able to remove it carefully with a cotton swab or a tissue.如果外国机构是方便，也没有侵入你的眼球，您可以删除它仔细棉拭子或组织。
- If you have any question about penetration of the eye, do not remove the object without medical assistance.如果您有任何疑问，渗透到眼睛，不删除的对象没有医疗援助。
- If you cannot remove the object or if you continue to have the sensation that something is in your eye even after the debris is removed, you should seek medical care.如果你不能消除的对象，或者如果您继续有感觉的东西是在你的眼睛后，碎片被删除，你应该寻求医疗照顾。
After the foreign body is removed, your eye may be red and tearing.后异物被删除，你的眼睛可能是红色和撕裂。
You may protect your eye by cutting the top part off of a Styrofoam or paper cup and placing the cup over your eye.您可以保护您的眼睛通过削减顶端部分关闭的聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料或纸杯，把杯子在你的眼睛。 If you place a cup over your eye, do not put any pressure on the injured eye, because it could cause additional injury to your eye.如果你一个杯子在你的眼睛，不要让任何压力受伤的眼睛，因为它可能会导致更多的伤害你的眼睛。
- This cup can be taped in place and will form a cover over your eye.这杯子可录制到位，将形成一个覆盖你的眼睛。
- It is very important not to rub your eye or to apply any pressure to your eye.这是非常重要的不是擦你的眼睛或适用的任何压力，你的眼睛。 If you have punched a hole in your eye (called a ruptured globe or eyeball), you can do significant damage by pressing or rubbing your eye.如果您有打了个洞，你的眼睛（称为全球破裂或眼球），你可以做重大损害的紧迫或揉你的眼睛。 This is especially true with small children who will rub their eyes to try to remove the debris.这是尤其如此小的儿童将擦谁的眼睛，试图消除碎片。

Medical Treatment医疗

For scratches on your cornea (called corneal abrasions), the usual treatment is an antibiotic ointment and/or antibiotic eyedrops and pain medicine.对于您的划痕角膜（称为角膜擦伤），通常的治疗是一种抗生素软膏和/或抗生素滴眼液和止痛药。 If the abrasion is large (greater than 50% of the corneal surface), then it may also be treated with a patch.如果磨损大（大于50 ％的角膜表面），那么它也可以治疗了一个补丁。
Any noted damage to the iris, the lens, or the retina requires immediate evaluation by an ophthalmologist and may or may not require surgery.任何破坏指出虹膜，晶状体，视网膜或需要立即评估的眼科医生和可能会或不会需要手术治疗。
A ruptured eyeball requires surgery by an ophthalmologist.眼球破裂，需要手术的眼科医生。
If no other injury is noted, hyphema (blood in between the cornea and the iris) requires close follow-up care with an ophthalmologist.如果没有其他损伤指出，前房积血（血液中之间的角膜和虹膜）需要密切的后续照顾的眼科医生。