Ductal lavage is a procedure for collecting cells from the milk ducts of the breast for analysis.乳腺导管内灌洗是一个程序，收集细胞从牛奶导管乳腺进行分析。 The procedure is used to identify precancerous cells, called atypical cells.该程序是用来识别癌前细胞，称为非典型细胞。 Ductal lavage currently is performed only on women who have multiple breast cancer risk factors to try to detect breast cancer before it starts.乳腺导管内灌洗目前只能对妇女谁拥有多个乳腺癌的危险因素，试图发现之前患乳腺癌的开始。

Ductal lavage works on the premise that most breast cancers (about 95%) develop in cells that line the milk ducts of the breast.乳腺导管内灌洗工程的前提是，大多数乳腺癌患者（约占95 ％ ）发展中的细胞系的牛奶导管乳腺癌。 Cancer usually begins in one duct and may be contained to that duct if caught early, making treatment more effective and increasing survival.癌症通常在一开始管，可载该管，如果及早发现，使治疗更加有效和提高生存。

By the time cancer is detected, however, it often has progressed beyond a single duct.的时候，癌症的检测，但往往取得了进展超出单一管道。 (Experts estimate that it takes 8 to 10 years for cancer to grow from 1 cell to a mass large enough to be detected on a mammogram -- about 1 billion cells.) （专家估计，需要8至10年癌症将增长1细胞的质量足够大，被检测的乳房X线照片-约1 0亿个细胞。 ）

Doctors hope that performing ductal lavage as a screening tool in women at high risk for breast cancer may catch the disease early when it is most treatable.医生们希望，表演导管灌洗作为筛选工具，高危妇女的乳腺癌可能赶上疾病早期时，它是最可治疗的。

How Does Ductal Lavage Work?如何导管灌洗工作？

Ductal lavage is a minimally invasive procedure that may be performed in a doctor's office or outpatient center.乳腺导管内灌洗是一种微创程序，可在医生的办公室或门诊中心。 It is performed in three steps:它是在三个步骤：

1. An anesthetic cream is applied to numb the nipple area.麻醉霜适用于麻木乳头区。 Gentle suction is used to withdraw a small amount of fluid from the milk ducts.温和的吸力是用来撤回了少量的液体奶管道。 This is done to locate the opening of the ducts on the nipple's surface and to identify ducts to be tested.这样做是为了找到开放的导管乳头的表面，并确定管道将受到考验。 Ducts that do not produce fluid generally are not tested with the lavage procedure, since atypical cells are more commonly found in ducts that produce fluid.管道不产生流体一般都没有测试与灌洗程序，因为非典型细胞更常见于导管，生产流体。 Not all women are able to produce fluid with this test.并非所有的妇女能够生产临界流体与此测试。 If fluid is not made, the test is not continued any further.如果液体是不是，测试不是任何进一步的继续。
2. A hair-thin catheter (small tube) is inserted into the natural opening of the duct.头发薄管（小管）插入自然开幕管。 Additional anesthetic is delivered into the duct.附加麻醉交付到胆管。 A saline (salt and water) solution is then infused through the catheter to rinse the duct, which loosens cells from the duct lining.阿盐水（盐和水）的解决办法是注入然后通过导管冲洗导管，该放松细胞管内层。 The solution containing the loosened cells is withdrawn through the catheter.该解决方案包含放宽细胞被撤回通过导管。 (The word "lavage" is French for "wash" or "rinse.") （单词“洗胃”是法语“洗”或“清洗” 。 ）
3. The sample is sent to the laboratory for analysis to determine if the cells are normal or abnormal (atypical cells).样品送交实验室进行分析，以确定是否对细胞的正常或异常（非典型细胞） 。 Women with atypical cells have an increased risk of developing breast cancer.妇女非典型细胞具有的风险增加患乳腺癌。

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