Most burns are minor injuries that occur at home or work.烧伤是最轻微的伤害发生在家庭或工作。 It is common to get a minor burn from hot water, a curling iron, or touching a hot stove.这是共同获得轻度烧伤的热水，一个冰壶铁，或触及热风炉。 Home treatment is usually all that is needed for healing and to prevent other problems, such as infection.家庭治疗通常都需要愈合，并防止其他问题，如感染。

There are many types of burns.有许多类型的烧伤。

• Heat burns (thermal burns) are caused by fire, steam, hot objects, or hot liquids. 热烧伤 （烧伤热）所造成的火灾，蒸汽，热水的物体，或热液体。 Scald burns with hot liquid are the most common burns to children and older adults.烧伤烫伤与热液体是最常见的烧伤儿童和老年人。
• Electrical burns are caused by contact with electrical sources or by lightning. 电气烧伤所造成的接触电器来源或闪电。
• Chemical burns are caused by contact with household or industrial chemicals in a liquid, solid, or gas form. 化学烧伤所造成的接触家庭或工业化学品在液体，固体或气体的形式。 Natural foods such as chili peppers, which contain a substance irritating to the skin, can cause a burning sensation.天然食物，如辣椒，其中包含的物质刺激皮肤，可能会导致烧灼感。
• Radiation burns are caused by the sun, tanning booths, sunlamps, X-rays, or radiation therapy for cancer treatment. 辐射烧伤造成的太阳，晒黑摊位，太阳灯， X射线，或放射治疗的癌症治疗。
• Friction burns are caused by contact with any hard surface such as roads ("road rash"), carpets, or gym floor surfaces. 摩擦燃烧所造成的接触任何坚硬的表面，如公路（ “道路皮疹” ） ，地毯，或健身房地板表面。 They are usually both a scrape (abrasion) and a heat burn.他们通常既是一个划痕（磨损）和热烧伤。 Friction burns to the skin are seen in athletes who fall on floors, courts, or tracks.摩擦烧伤的皮肤被视为运动员谁落在地板，法院，或轨道。 Motorcycle or bicycle riders who have road accidents while not wearing protective clothing might get friction burns.摩托车或自行车骑手谁拥有道路交通事故虽然没有穿上防护服可能会摩擦烧伤。 For information on treatment for friction burns, see the topic Scrapes.如需治疗烧伤的摩擦，见本专题擦伤。

Breathing in hot air or gases can cause injury your lungs ( inhalation injuries ).呼吸在热空气或气体可导致肺部损伤您的（ 吸入性损伤 ） 。 Breathing in toxic gases, such as carbon monoxide, can cause poisoning.呼吸有毒气体，如一氧化碳，可引起中毒。

Burns injure the skin layers and can also injure other parts of the body, such as muscles, nerves, lungs, and eyes.伯恩斯伤害皮肤层，也可以伤害身体的其他部位，如肌肉，神经，肺，眼睛。 Burns are defined as first-, second-, third-, or fourth-degree, depending on how many layers of skin and tissue伯恩斯被确定为第一，第二，第三或第四的程度，取决于有多少层皮肤和组织 are burned.被烧毁。 The deeper the burn and the larger the burned area, the more serious the burn is.较深的烧伤和较大面积的烧伤，更为严重的是烧伤。

• First-degree burns are burns of the first layer of skin.第一度烧伤是烧伤的第一层皮肤。 See an illustration of a first-degree burn见一个例子第一度烧伤 . 。
• There are two types of second-degree burns:有两种类型的第二度烧伤：
  • Superficial partial-thickness burns injure the first and second layers of skin.浅表局部度烧伤损伤的第一和第二层皮肤。 See an illustration of this type of second-degree burn见说明这种类型的第二度烧伤 . 。
  • Deep partial-thickness burns injure deeper skin layers.深Ⅱ度烧伤皮肤伤害更深的层次。 See an illustration of this type of deep second-degree burn见说明这种类型的深Ⅱ度烧伤 . 。
• Third-degree burns (full-thickness burns) injure all the skin layers and tissue under the skin.三度烧伤（全层烧伤）伤害所有的皮肤层和组织下的皮肤。 See an illustration of a third-degree burn见一个例子第三度烧伤 . 。
• Fourth-degree burns extend through the skin to injure muscle, ligaments, tendons, nerves, blood vessels, and bones.第四度烧伤延长通过皮肤损伤肌肉，韧带，肌腱，神经，血管和骨头。 These burns always require medical treatment.这些烧伤总是需要治疗。

The seriousness of a burn is determined by several factors, including:严重烧伤取决于几个因素，其中包括：

• The depth, size, cause, affected body area, age, and health of the burn victim.深度，面积，原因，影响身体方面，年龄和健康状况的烧伤受害者。
• Any other injuries that occurred, and the need for follow-up care.任何其他受伤的发生，需要后续服务。

Burns affect people of all ages, though some are at higher risk than others.伯恩斯影响对所有年龄的人，尽管有些是高风险比其他人。

• About 20% of burns occur in children younger than age 5, and most of these are scald burns from hot liquids.大约20 ％的烧伤发生在不到5岁的儿童，大部分都是从烧伤烫伤热液体。
• About 60% of burns occur in the 18- to 64-year-old age group.大约60 ％的烧伤发生在18 -6 4岁年龄组。
• About 10% of burns occur in older adults, mostly scald burns from hot liquids.约有10 ％的烧伤发生在老年人，主要是烧伤烫伤从热液体。
• Men are twice as likely to have burn injuries as women.男性的两倍可能有烧伤的妇女。

Burns in children烧伤儿童