How does my baby grow and develop in the first year?请问我的孩子成长和发展的第一年？

The first 12 months may be the most dynamic period of life.头12个月可能是最有活力的一段生活。 Dramatic changes are taking place in all areas of growth and development, which include:戏剧性的变化正在发生在所有领域的增长和发展，其中包括：

• Physical development . 体育的发展。 Most babies double their birth weight by gaining an average of 0.5 oz to 1 oz every day for the first 6 months of life.大多数婴儿双倍的出生体重平均增加0.5盎司1盎司每天的前6个月的生活。 Birth weight usually triples somewhere between 9 and 12 months of age.通常出生体重的三倍之间的第9和第12个月的年龄。 By 12 months of age, most babies have grown a total of about 10 in. in length since birth. 12个月的年龄，大多数婴儿成长共约十英寸长度自出生。 Head circumference usually increases about 0.25 in. to 0.5 in. per month.通常头围增加约0.25英寸以0.5英寸每月。
• Cognitive development . 认知的发展。 This is the process by which babies develop the abilities to learn and remember.这是进程的婴儿发展的能力，以学习和记忆。 Babies begin to recognize and interact with loved ones and start to understand that people and objects still exist even when they are out of sight (object permanence).婴儿开始认识和互动的亲人，并开始认识到，人民和物体仍然存在，即使他们是根本看不到（对象持久） 。
• Emotional and social development . 情感和社会的发展。 In a loving environment, babies easily bond to their parents.在一个充满爱的环境中，婴儿容易债券，以他们的父母。 In the first month, newborns express emotion mainly by crying and grimacing or displaying an alert and bright face.在第一个月，新生儿表达情感主要是通过哭泣和grimacing或显示警报和光明的面孔。 By about 4 months, they learn to smile, coo, and move their arms around when excited.约4个月，他们学会微笑，首席运营官，并围绕他们的武器时，兴奋。 By 5 months, babies show a clear preference for a loved one.通过5个月，婴儿表现出明显倾向于亲人。 In the following months, "separation protest" and "stranger anxiety" are two of the ways babies demonstrate this growing attachment.在随后的几个月里， “抗议分离”和“陌生人焦虑”是两个孩子的方式表明了这一点越来越依恋。 A close bond provides a foundation for future relationships: babies learn from their parents how to love and how to trust.密切债券提供了一个基础，未来的关系：婴儿学习他们的家长如何爱和如何信任。
• Language development . 语言的发展。 Babies' brains are very open to learning, and they quickly absorb the language around them.婴儿的大脑是非常开放，学习，他们很快就吸收他们周围的语言。 By about 3 to 6 weeks, babies develop a different crying sound to indicate a specific need (such as hunger or discomfort).约3至6周，婴儿制定不同的哭泣声表明特殊需要（如饥饿或不舒服） 。 By around 2 months of age, they begin to interact with caregivers by cooing and smiling, which proceeds to babbling and chuckling within about 6 months.约2个月的年龄，他们开始与照顾的cooing和微笑，这其中的收益和笑什么约6个月。 Also by 6 months, most babies have learned all of the basic and distinct sounds of their native language. ¹ By the first year most babies can say a few words, like "mama" or "dada," and can understand many more.还有6个月，大多数婴儿的经验教训所有的基本和独特的声音，他们的母语。 ^一日通过的第一年，大多数婴儿可以说几句话，像“妈妈”或“邀请” ，并可以了解更多。
• Sensory and motor development . 感觉和运动的发展。 A baby's movements become more controlled and deliberate as the newborn reflexes fade.婴儿的运动变得更加控制和蓄意的新生儿反射消失。 Although seemingly stiff at times, a baby will be limber and coordinated enough in 6 months to suck his or her toes and strong enough to sit with light support.虽然看似激烈的时候，一名婴儿将富有弹性和协调不够的6个月至吸吮他或她的脚趾和强大到足以坐轻的支持。 By 10 months, many babies can stand, although they may need support.由10个月，许多婴儿可以的立场，尽管他们可能需要的支持。

When are routine medical visits needed?当是日常医疗需要的访问？

Routine checkups, or well baby visits, should occur after the first month at 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months of age.常规检查，以及婴儿，或访问，应该发生的第一个月后在2 ， 4 ， 6 ， 9 ，和12个月的年龄。 During these visits, your health professional examines your baby for signs of normal growth and development.在这些访问中，您的健康专业检查您的宝宝的迹象正常增长和发展。 You will be asked about whether your baby is reaching expected developmental milestones.您会被询问是否您的宝宝正在达到预期发展的里程碑。 Immunizations are also given according to the standard schedule.免役亦根据标准时间表。