The risk of osteoporosis increases with age as bones naturally become thinner.在骨质疏松症的风险随着年龄的增加骨骼的自然变薄。 After age 30, the rate at which your bone dissolves and is absorbed by the body slowly increases, while the rate of bone building decreases. 30岁之后，这一比率在您的骨溶解和吸收的身体慢慢上升，而利率的降低骨建设。 Both men and women lose a small amount (approximately 0.4%) of bone each year after age 30. ¹男女双方失去一小部分（约0.4 ％ ）骨后，每年30岁。 ¹

In women, more rapid bone loss usually begins after monthly menstrual periods stop, when a woman's production of the hormone estrogen slows down (usually between the ages of 45 and 55).在妇女，更迅速的骨质流失通常开始后，每月月经周期停止，当一个女人的生产激素减缓（通常是年龄介于45和55 ） 。 A man's bone thinning starts to develop gradually when production of the hormone testosterone slows down, at about 45 to 50 years of age.一个人的骨骼变薄开始逐渐发展生产时的荷尔蒙睾丸激素减缓，约45至50岁。 Women typically have smaller and lighter bones than men.妇女通常具有更小更轻骨骼比男性。 As a result, women develop osteoporosis almost 4 times more often than men. ² Osteoporosis usually does not have an effect on people until they are 60 or older.因此，骨质疏松症的妇女几乎制定的4倍多于男性。 ^第二骨质疏松症通常没有对人的影响，直到他们60岁或以上。

Whether a person develops osteoporosis depends on the thickness of the bones (bone density) in early life, as well as health, diet, and physical activity later in life.一个人是否骨质疏松症的发展取决于厚度的骨头（骨质密度）的早期生命，以及保健，饮食，身体活动和以后的生活中。 Factors that increase the risk of osteoporosis in both men and women include:因素增加的风险，骨质疏松症的男人和女人包括：

• Having a family history of osteoporosis . 有家族史的骨质疏松症。 If your mother, father, or a sibling has been diagnosed with osteoporosis or has experienced broken bones from a minor injury, you are more likely to develop osteoporosis.如果您的母亲，父亲或兄弟姐妹被诊断患有骨质疏松症或有经验的骨头断裂小伤，你更有可能发展骨质疏松症。
• Lifestyle factors . 生活方式因素 。 These include:这些措施包括：
  • Smoking.吸烟。 People who smoke lose bone thickness faster than nonsmokers.吸烟的人谁失去骨厚度高于不吸烟者。
  • Alcohol use.酒精使用。 Heavy alcohol use can decrease bone growth and increase the risk of falling.酗酒使用可以减少骨骼生长和增加的风险下降。 However, moderate alcohol use (no more than 2 drinks a day for men and 1 drink a day for women) is linked to higher bone thickness.然而，适度饮酒（不超过2饮料一天的男子和1名每天喝的妇女）是与较高的骨厚度。 Most doctors recommend limiting, but not eliminating, alcohol use. ⁵大多数医生建议限制，但不能消除，酒精使用。 ^五日
  • Getting little or no exercise.乘车很少或根本没有工作。 Weight-bearing exercises-such as walking, jogging, stair climbing, dancing, or lifting weights-keep bones strong and healthy by working the muscles and bones against gravity.负重运动，如散步，慢跑，爬楼梯，跳舞，或举重，保持骨骼强健的工作的肌肉和骨骼的严重性。 Exercise may improve your balance and decrease your risk of falling.锻炼可以改善你的平衡和降低您的风险下降。
  • Being small-framed or thin.小框或薄。 People with small frames are more likely to develop osteoporosis because they have smaller bones and less bone mass.人民与小帧更有可能发展骨质疏松症，因为他们有小骨头和骨量减少。 Thin people are more likely to develop osteoporosis because they have less body fat.苗条的人更有可能发展骨质疏松症，因为他们体内脂肪较少。 Fat cells make estrogen, which may protect women from bone loss after menopause.脂肪细胞使雌激素，可保护妇女免受骨质流失绝经后。 However, being overweight puts a woman at risk for other serious medical conditions, including type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and coronary artery disease (CAD).然而，超重了一个女人处于危险之中的其他严重的医疗条件，其中包括2型糖尿病，血压升高，与冠状动脉疾病（ CAD ） 。
  • A diet low in foods containing calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D.饮食低食品中含有钙离子，磷，维生素D
  • Drinking cola soft drinks.饮用可乐饮料。 Cola, but not other carbonated soft drinks, may be linked to low bone mineral density in women. ⁶可口可乐，而不是其他碳酸饮料，可能与低骨密度的妇女。 ^6日
• Having certain medical conditions , such as hyperthyroidism or rheumatoid arthritis, that put you at greater risk for osteoporosis. 有一定的医疗条件 ，如甲状腺功能亢进或类风湿关节炎，即把你的风险较大的骨质疏松症。
• Taking certain medications . 考虑某些药物 。 Several medications cause bone thinning, such as:一些药物引起骨变薄，如：
  • Corticosteroids, used to treat conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).皮质类固醇，用来治疗条件，如哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ COPD ） 。 If used for a period of 6 months or longer, corticosteroids can lead to steroid-induced osteoporosis. ⁷如果使用期限为6个月或更长的时间，皮质类固醇可导致激素性骨质疏松症。 ^七日
  • Medications used to treat endometriosis.药物用于治疗子宫内膜异位症。
  • Aromatase inhibitors, used to treat breast cancer.芳香酶抑制剂用于治疗乳腺癌。
  • Thyroid replacement medication, if the dose is more than the body needs.甲状腺更换药物，如果剂量超过身体的需要。 This should be monitored by checking the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) every year.这应该是监督检查的水平促甲状腺激素（促甲状腺激素）每年。
  • Depo-Provera, a birth control medication given by injection.孕酮，孕酮，一个控制生育的药物注射。 Longtime use may thin bones.长期使用可瘦骨头。
  • Antacids that contain aluminum, if they are overused.制酸剂含有铝，如果他们过度。 Aluminum-containing antacids remove phosphorus and calcium from your body.铝合金制酸剂含有磷和消除钙从你的身体。
  • Anticonvulsant medications such as carbamazepine. ⁸抗惊厥药物，如卡马西平。 ^8日
• Having certain surgeries , such as having your ovaries removed before menopause. 在某些手术，如让您的卵巢绝经期前拆除。