Emphysema 肺气肿
 Emphysema is a chronic lung condition that is a major cause of death and disability in the United States.肺气肿是一种慢性肺病，这是主要的死亡原因和伤残在美国。 Two million Americans are affected, largely those who are over age 50.有200万美国人受到影响，主要是那些谁是50岁以上。 With emphysema, breathing becomes difficult as the fine architecture of the lung is destroyed, leading to large holes in the lung, obstruction of the airways, trapping of air, and difficulty exchanging oxygen because of reduced elasticity of the lungs.肺气肿，呼吸变得十分困难的罚款架构的肺被破坏，从而导致大洞肺，阻塞气道，捕捉空气，和氧气交换困难，因为减少了弹性肺部。
In the United States, cigarette smoking is by far the most important risk factor for emphysema.在美国，吸烟是迄今为止最重要的危险因素为肺气肿。 Emphysema costs more than $2.5 billion in annual health care expenses and causes or contributes to 100,000 deaths in the US each year.肺气肿的费用超过25亿美元，每年医疗保健费用和造成或促成100000人死亡，美国每年。
 Current medical treatments include smoking cessation for those who still smoke, exercise rehabilitation, oxygen therapy for those with low blood oxygen levels, supportive and preventive measures such as flu shots, pneumonia vaccine, medications such as bronchodilators to help open airways, prompt treatment of respiratory infections, and lung transplantation.目前的医学治疗包括戒烟的人谁仍然吸烟，运动康复，氧治疗对于那些低血氧水平，支持和预防性措施，如流感疫苗，肺炎疫苗，药物，如支气管扩张剂，以帮助航空公司开放，及时治疗呼吸系统感染和肺移植。
Emphysema is one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) -- a slowly progressive disease of the airways that is characterized by a gradual loss of lung function.肺气肿是一种形式的慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ COPD ） -一个缓慢渐进的疾病是呼吸道的特点是逐渐丧失的肺功能。 Chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive bronchitis, or a combination of these conditions with emphysema also are forms of COPD.慢性支气管炎，慢性阻塞性支气管炎，或结合这些条件肺气肿也有形式的慢性阻塞性肺疾病。 COPD is the fourth most common and the most rapidly increasing cause of death in the United States.慢性阻塞性肺疾病是第四个最常见和最迅速增加的死因在美国。
SOURCE: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute来源：国家心，肺和血液研究所 |
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Emphysema 肺气肿 
